Icyumba cyo gupimisha gifite ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ubukonje - Uburyo bwo kwigana ibidukikije kugira ngo ibicuruzwa bibe byizewe

Intangiriro: Igikenewe cy'ingenzi cyo gupima ubushyuhe

ItsindaIcyumba cyo gupimisha ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ubukonje(izwi kandi nk'icyumba cyo gupima ubushyuhe cyangwa icyumba cyo gusimbuza ubushyuhe) ni igikoresho cy'ibanze cyo kwigana ibidukikije. Kirema uburyo bwo kugenzuraubushyuhe bwinshinaubushyuhe buri hasiibidukikije kugira ngo harebwe uko ibicuruzwa, ibikoresho, n'ibice bigize imikorere mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bukabije. Mu gushyira ingero mu buryo bwihuse mu bihe by'ubushyuhe, ubukonje, cyangwa ubushyuhe busimburana, ibi bikoresho bifasha ababikorakumenya inenge zo mu gishushanyo, guhanura igihe serivisi izamara, nakwemeza ko ibicuruzwa bifite iremembere yuko isoko risohoka. Inganda kuva ku bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga n'imodoka kugeza ku bikoresho by'indege n'iby'ubuvuzi zishingikiriza ku byumba bifite ubushyuhe buri hasi kugira ngo zikoreshwe mu buryo bunoze, zipime uburyo bwizewe, kandi zisesengure amakosa.

Uburyo Icyumba cyo Gupimishamo Ibipimo by'Ubushyuhe Buhanitse n'Ubushyuhe Buke Gikora

A Icyumba cyo gupimisha ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ubukonjeikoresha uburyo bwo gukonjesha buringaniye (bukoresha compressor) n'ibikoresho bishyushya amashanyarazi kugira ngo igenzure neza ubushyuhe. Ibice by'ingenzi birimo:

• Ikigo cyo kubikamo firigo:Ikonjesha icyumba kugeza kuri -70°C cyangwa munsi yacyo ikoresheje cascade cyangwa compressors zo mu cyiciro kimwe.
• Sisitemu yo gushyushya:Insinga za Nichrome cyangwa ibyuma bishyushya bya ceramic byongera ubushyuhe kugeza kuri +150°C cyangwa +180°C.
• Umugenzuzi ushobora gushyirwa muri porogaramu:Interineti yo gukoraho kugira ngo ishyireho imiterere y'ubushyuhe, igipimo cy'inzira, igihe cyo kubara, n'umubare w'ingendo.
• Umufana uzenguruka umwuka:Igenzura ko ubushyuhe bukwirakwira kimwe (ubusanzwe hagati ya ± 0.5°C na ± 2°C).
• Ubwirinzi bw'umutekano:Ubushyuhe burenze urugero, gufunga inzugi, no kugenzura umuvuduko w'amazi muri firigo.

Ibizamini bishobora kubaubushyuhe buhoraho(urugero, 80°C mu gihe cy'amasaha 48),ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe(urugero, -40°C kugeza +85°C hamwe n'inzira y'ubushyuhe bwa 5°C/iminota), cyangwagushyuha cyane(kwimura byihuse hagati y'uturere dushyuha n'utwo dukonje).

Porogaramu z'ingenzi mu nganda

ItsindaIcyumba cyo gupimisha ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ubukonjeikoreshwa cyane mu gucunga ubuziranenge no kwemeza imikorere mu nzego nyinshi:

1. Ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga n'amashanyarazi

Gupima uruziga rw'amashanyarazi, semiconductors, bateri, connectors, na ecran kugira ngo harebwe niba ingingo zisoda zikora neza, ko ibice bihamye, ndetse n'imikorere y'amashanyarazi ikora neza mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bukabije.

2. Ibikoresho by'amakuru n'itumanaho

Kwemeza seriveri, routers, ibikoresho by'itumanaho, n'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bikoreshwa n'abaguzi mu gihe cy'ibiza bikorerwa no mu gihe cyo kubika.

3. Ibice bigize imodoka

Gusuzuma ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, ibikoresho byo kugenzura, imiyoboro y'insinga, ibikoresho by'imbere, na sisitemu za bateri mu bihe bitandukanye kuva kuri -40°C ubukonje butangira kugeza kuri +85°C ubushyuhe buri munsi y'ipfundo.

4. Ibyerekeye iby'indege n'ubwirinzi

Kwemeza indege, sisitemu zo kuyobora, imiterere y'ibintu, n'ibice by'ingenzi hakurikijwe MIL-STD-810 n'andi mahame agenga indege.

5. Ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi n'imiti

Gukora ku buryo ibikoresho byo gusuzuma indwara, ibipfunyika mu bubiko bw'imiti, n'ibikoresho byo kwa muganga bihangana n'ubwikorezi n'ububiko mu turere dutandukanye tw'ikirere.

6. Ibikoresho bya Plasitiki, Rubber, na Polima

Gusuzuma ubushyuhe bukabije, koroshya cyangwa guhindura imiterere y'ubushyuhe bwinshi, no guhagarara neza mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe bukabije.

7. Ibikoresho by'ingufu n'ubwikorezi

Gupima utubati twa bateri, imirasire y'izuba, utubati twa lisansi, n'ibikoresho byo gutwara abantu kugira ngo harebwe imikorere n'umutekano mu bushyuhe bukabije.

Ubushobozi bwo gupima busesuye

Igezwehoibyumba byo gupimiramo ubushyuhe buri hejuru n'ubushyuhe bukegukora porogaramu zitandukanye zo gusuzuma kugira ngo harebwe uburyo ibicuruzwa biramba:

1. Ikizamini cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi (ubushyuhe bwumye)

Ishyira ibicuruzwa mu bushyuhe buri hejuru (ubusanzwe +50°C kugeza +150°C cyangwa hejuru yayo) kugira ngo yigane ibidukikije bishyushye nko mu butayu, mu bice bya moteri, cyangwa mu nganda. Iri suzuma risuzuma uburyo ibintu byoroha, gusaza, ogisijeni, n'ingaruka zo kwaguka k'ubushyuhe.

2. Ikizamini cy'ubushyuhe buri hasi (ubukonje)

Ishyira ibicuruzwa mu bihe by'ubukonje (ubusanzwe hagati ya 0°C na -70°C) kugira ngo byigane ikirere cy'ubukonje, ikirere cy'ubutumburuke buri hejuru, cyangwa ahantu hakonje habikwa. Iki kizamini gisuzuma ko ibintu byangiritse, ko bifunga, ko bidashobora gufunga, ndetse n'imikorere y'ibikoresho byo gutangira ku bushyuhe buri hasi.

3. Ikizamini cy'ihindagurika ry'ikirere rishyushye

Ihinduranya ubushyuhe buri hejuru n'ubuke mu buryo bwa gahunda, iganisha ku ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe bwa buri munsi cyangwa impinduka zihuse ku bidukikije. Iki kizamini ni ingenzi mu gusuzuma ukudahuza kw'ubushyuhe, umunaniro w'ingingo zisoda, no kudahangana n'ibintu.

Ibyiza byo gukoresha icyumba cyo gupimisha ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ubukonje

• Gutahura neza inenge:Garagaza ibyangiritse byihishe (imivuniko, gutandukanya ibice, gufunga ibice, kuvunika ingingo) mbere yo gukora byinshi.
• Isuzuma ryihuse ry'ubuzima:Shyira imyaka y'ubushyuhe mu minsi cyangwa ibyumweru, bigabanye cyane igihe cyo kugurisha.
• Igenzura ry'ubuziranenge:Gupima ibintu mu byiciro bitandukanye bishimangira ko inzira zo gukora zihoraho kandi ko umusaruro uhora umeze neza.
• Kunoza igishushanyo mbonera:Gereranya ibikoresho cyangwa ibice byabyo mu buryo bumwe bw'ubushyuhe.
• Iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko agenga:Uzuza amahame mpuzamahanga yo gupima ibidukikije no kwemeza ibicuruzwa.
• Kugabanya ibyago:Kumenya ibintu bishobora gutsindwa mbere yuko ibicuruzwa bigera ku bakiriya, bigabanye ubwishingizi n'uburyozwe.

Guhitamo Icyumba Gikwiye: Ibipimo by'ingenzi

• Ingano y'ubushyuhe:Hitamo ukurikije aho ibicuruzwa byawe biherereye (urugero, -40°C kugeza +150°C ku bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bisanzwe; -70°C kugeza +180°C ku bikoresho by'indege cyangwa imodoka).
• Umubare w'icyumba:Kuva ku bikoresho bya litiro 50 kugeza ku byumba byo kwinjiramo binini cyangwa ibikoresho bya paleti.
• Igipimo cyo kuzamuka:Gutembera vuba (5–10°C/umunota) bigabanya igihe cyo kugerageza ariko byongera ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho n'ikoreshwa ry'ingufu.
• Uburyo bwo kugenzura bugezweho:Shaka ± 0.5°C ihuye ku bikoresho by'ingenzi bisaba kugenzura ubushyuhe neza.
• Kwandika amakuru:Ibikoresho bya USB/Ethernet byo gukurikirana ibizamini, kugenzura ikoreshwa ry'ibarurishamibare (SPC), n'inyandiko z'igenzura.

Amahame Rusange y'Ibizamini

UmuhangaIcyumba cyo gupimisha ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ubukonjeyagenewe kubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga y’ingenzi yo gupima ibidukikije:

• IEC 60068-2-1:Isuzuma ry'ibidukikije - Igice cya 2-1: Isuzuma - Isuzuma A: Ibicurane
• IEC 60068-2-2:Isuzuma ry'ibidukikije – Igice cya 2-2: Isuzuma – Isuzuma B: Ubushyuhe bwumye
• IEC 60068-2-14:Isuzuma ry'ibidukikije – Igice cya 2-14: Isuzuma – Isuzuma N: Impinduka z'ubushyuhe
• GB/T 2423.1 / .2:Amabwiriza y'igihugu cy'Ubushinwa yo gupima ubushyuhe bukonje n'ubwumye
• MIL-STD-810:Ibitekerezo ku ikoranabuhanga mu bidukikije ku bikoresho bya gisirikare – Uburyo 502 (Ubushyuhe buri hasi) & Uburyo 501 (Ubushyuhe buri hejuru)
• JIS C 60068:Igipimo ngenderwaho cy'Abayapani mu gupima ibidukikije
• ISO 16750-4:Ibinyabiziga byo mu muhanda – Imiterere y'ibidukikije ku bikoresho by'amashanyarazi/iby'ikoranabuhanga

Uburyo bwiza bwo gukoresha no kubungabunga

Gukoresha neza no kubungabunga buri gihe byongera igihe cyo gukora mu cyumba no kwemeza ibisubizo by'ibizamini nyabyo:

• Gupakira neza:Irinde kuziba imyenge y'umwuka; koresha udukingirizo dufasha umwuka gutembera hafi y'ingero z'ibizamini.
• Gupima buri gihe:Teganya igihe cyo gusuzuma ubushyuhe hakoreshejwe ibipimo ngenderwaho bya NIST.
• Kubungabunga impanuka:Sukura buri gihe imiyoboro ya condenser, urebe neza imitako y'inzugi na gasket, kandi urebe ingano y'ibikoresho bikonjesha.
• Gucunga ubushyuhe:Ku bipimo by'ubushyuhe buke, menya neza ko hakorwa imyitozo ikwiye yo gushonga kugira ngo hirindwe ko urubura rwiyongera ku miyoboro y'amazi.

Umwanzuro: Igikoresho cy'ingenzi mu kwizerwa no gucunga ubuziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa

ItsindaIcyumba cyo gupimisha ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ubukonjesi igikoresho cyo kugenzura ubuziranenge gusa—ni igikoresho cy'ingenzi mu guteza imbere ibicuruzwa, kwemeza ko byizewe, no kubahiriza amategeko. Mu gushyira ibicuruzwa mu byiciro by'ubushyuhe bugenzurwa mbere yo gusohorwa ku isoko, abakora ibicuruzwa bashobora kumenya uburyo bwo gutsindwa, kunoza imiterere, kugabanya ubwishingizi bw'ibicuruzwa, no kubaka izina ry'ikirango mu kuramba. Kuva ku bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga na sisitemu z'imodoka kugeza ku bikoresho by'indege n'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi, isuzuma ry'ubushyuhe ryuzuye ntiryabaye amahitamo gusa, ahubwo ni ikintu cy'ingenzi kugira ngo ibicuruzwa bigire icyo bigeraho mu nzego hafi ya zose z'inganda. Gushora imari mu cyumba cy'umwuga gifite ubushyuhe buke ni ishoramari mu bwiza bw'ibicuruzwa, icyizere cy'abakiriya, no gutsinda mu bucuruzi mu gihe kirekire.