Ibikoresho byo gukurura amazi mu misarani ni ingenzi cyane. Ibikoresho byo gukurura amazi mu misarani bikoreshwa kenshi mu gihe cya buri munsi, bityo gukomera kwabyo bigira ingaruka ku buryo bwizewe, kudafata amazi, no kumara igihe cy'akazi k'uburyo bwose bwo gukurura amazi.
Igice gikora neza mu isuzuma ry’imikorere rya mbere gishobora gukomeza kuva amazi, gukora nabi, guhinduka cyangwa gutsindwa nyuma y’ibikorwa ibihumbi n’ibihumbi. Kubera iyo mpamvu,Isuzuma ry'uko ibikoresho byo mu kigega cy'amazi birambani igice cy'ingenzi mu guteza imbere ibicuruzwa no kugenzura ubuziranenge.
ItsindaImashini yo gupima ubushobozi bwo gukora ibikoresho byo mu kigega cy'amaziyagenewe kwigana imikorere isubiramo ya valve zo kwinjira n'izo gusohora amazi mu gihe cy'imizigo igenzurwa n'umuvuduko w'amazi.
Gupima Kuramba kw'ibikoresho byo mu kigega cy'amazi ni iki?
Isuzuma ry’uburambe bw’ibikoresho byo mu kigega cy’amazi risuzuma niba ibice nk’amavali yo kwinjiramo n’amavali yo gusohora amazi bishobora gukomeza gukora neza nyuma yo gukoreshwa kenshi.
Imashini igerageza ikoresha igice cy’igerageza inshuro nyinshi mu gihe igenzura ibipimo nka:
- Imbaraga z'imikorere
- Umuvuduko w'amazi
- Ingendo z'ibizamini
- Ingendo y'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi
- Urugero rw'amazi
- Igihe cy'ikizamini
Nyuma y'umubare wagenwe w'ingendo, igice gishobora gusuzumwa niba gitemba, cyangiritse, cyahindutse, gifata, cyangwa ibindi bintu bidakunze kubaho.
Ubu bwoko bw'isuzuma ni ingenzi cyane kuko ibikoresho by'ubwiherero atari ibintu bikoreshwa rimwe gusa. Bishobora gukoreshwa incuro ibihumbi cyangwa ibihumbi amagana mu buzima bwabyo bwose.
Kuki isuzuma ry'ubuzima bw'ingufu zinjira ari ingenzi?
Valve yo kwinjira igenzura uko ikigega cy'ubwiherero cyuzuzwa nyuma yo gusuka amazi. Mu gihe gisanzwe, valve irafungura kandi igafunga kenshi uko amazi ahinduka.
Gusubiramo ibikorwa bishobora gutera ibibazo nk'ibi bikurikira:
- Amazi asohoka
- Kunanirwa gufunga
- Kuzuza ibintu bidasanzwe
- Impinduka mu mikorere
- Kwambara kw'ibice by'imbere
- Kwangirika kw'ikimenyetso
ItsindaIgipimo cy'ubuzima cya Valve yo kwinjirayongera imiterere y’imikorere isubiramo kugira ngo abakora bashobore gusuzuma uburambe bwa valve mbere yo kuyikora cyangwa kuyishyira ku isoko.
Dukurikije GB/T 26730-2011, kuramba kwa valve yo kuzuza ni byo byihariye, kandi ibipimo ngenderwaho bisaba ko valve itagira amazi cyangwa izindi ngorane nyuma yo gusuzuma kuramba kwayo.
Gupima Kuramba kwa Valve yo mu bwoko bwa Flush ni iki?
Akadomo ko gusohora amazi gagenzura uburyo amazi ava mu kigega ajya mu musarani. Buri gusohora amazi bigaragaza imikorere y'amazi, bigatuma isuzuma ry'uburambe riba ingenzi cyane.
AIgipimo cyo Gupima Gukomera kwa Valve yo Gusukuraikoresha kenshi valve yo gusukura mu buryo bugenzurwa. Nyuma yo kurangiza umubare wagenwe w'ingendo, valve ishobora gusuzumwa kugira ngo irebe niba:
- Gusohoka
- Kunanirwa gufungura
- Kunanirwa gufunga
- Kubaga kudasanzwe
- Guhindura ibice by'igice
- Kwangirika kw'ikirango
- Impinduka mu mikorere
GB/T 26730-2011 irimo ibisabwa mu kuramba kwa valve zo kuzuza n'izo gusohora, hamwe n'uburyo bwo gupima kuramba bwavuzwe mu mugereka E.
Imashini ipima ubushobozi bwo gupima ubushobozi bwo gukoresha mu kigega cy'amazi ikora ite?
ItsindaImashini yo gupima ubushobozi bwo gukora ibikoresho byo mu kigega cy'amaziihuza valve yo gupima n'uburyo bwo gutanga amazi bugenzurwa n'ikoranabuhanga.
Urukurikirane rw'imikorere muri rusange rukubiyemo:
- Shyiramo valve yo kwinjira cyangwa yo gusohora ku gikoresho cyo gupima.
- Hindura igikoresho ukurikije imiterere ya valve.
- Shyiraho imbaraga zikenewe zo gukora.
- Shyiraho umuvuduko w'amazi ukenewe.
- Shyiraho umubare w'intego y'ingendo.
- Tangira ikizamini cyikora.
- Kugenzura imbaraga z'imikorere n'umuvuduko w'amazi mu gihe nyacyo.
- Andika uruziga rwakusanyijwe.
- Hagarika mu buryo bwikora iyo igihe cyo gupima cyagenwe kigeze.
- Suzuma icyitegererezo kugira ngo urebe niba cyaravuyemo amazi, cyangiritse, cyahindutse, cyangwa niba kidakora neza.
Iyi mashini ishobora gutanga umuvuduko udahinduka kandi uhindagurika kugeza ku1.0 MPa, ifite imbaraga zo gutwara ibintu nyinshi0–50 N.
Ingufu zikoreshwa mu gihe nyacyo no kugenzura umuvuduko
Ikintu kimwe cy'ingenzi kiranga umuhanga mu by'ubuhangaImashini ipima ubwihereroni ubushobozi bwo kugenzura imikorere y'ibikoresho mu gihe cy'igeragezwa.
Ibikoresho bitanga ubushobozi bwo guhindura imbaraga zo hejuru n'izo hasi kandi bishobora kwerekana agaciro k'imbaraga zo gukora mu gihe nyacyo n'umuvuduko w'amazi.
Ibi bituma abakora mu myitozo bashobora kumenya indwara zidasanzwe mu gihe cy’igeragezwa rirerire aho gutegereza kugeza igihe ikizamini kirangiye.
Urugero, kwiyongera kudasanzwe kw'imbaraga z'imikorere bishobora kugaragaza ko hari ikibazo mu mikorere cyangwa ko ibice byangiritse, mu gihe impinduka itunguranye y'umuvuduko ishobora kugaragaza ikibazo mu buryo bw'igerageza cyangwa icyitegererezo.
Isuzuma ry'Ubudahangarwa bw'Ingendo Nkomeye
Kugira ngo hasuzumwe uburyo bwo kwizerana igihe kirekire, isuzuma ry’uburambe rikunze gusaba inshuro nyinshi zo gukora.
Iyi mashini ishyigikira igerageza ry'ubwoko bwaKuva kuri 1 kugeza ku 990.000, hamwe n'ikosa ryo kubara uruziga ruri munsi y'uruziga rumwe.
Iyi karubanda ifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara abagenzi ikora neza cyane, ituma ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu gupima ubwiherero n'amavali yo gusohora amazi igihe kirekire.
Iyo imashini imaze kugera ku mubare w’amasaha yagenwe, ishobora guhita ihagarara, bigatuma umukozi akora igenzura rya nyuma.
Gutanga amazi ahora ashyushye no kongera gukoresha amazi mu buryo burambye
Umuvuduko w'amazi uhamye ni ingenzi mu gupima uburambe bw'ingufu zisubirwamo.
Iyi mashini itanga uburyo bwo gutanga amazi ahora ashyushye kandi ikemerera amazi yo mu igerageza gukwirakwizwa no kongera gukoreshwa. Ibi bifasha mu kubungabunga uburyo bwo gupima buri gihe, ariko bigagabanya ikoreshwa ry’amazi ritari ngombwa.
Sisitemu kandi ikubiyemoIkigega cy'amazi cya litiro 200no kumenya urwego rw'amazi.
Iyo amazi arenze urugero, sisitemu ishobora kwandika ikibazo, gutanga inzogera, no guhagarika ibikoresho igihe bibaye ngombwa.
Ibikoresho Bishobora Guhindurwa ku Miterere Itandukanye ya Valve
Ibikoresho byo mu bwiherero bishobora kugira imiterere n'uburyo butandukanye bwo gukora. Bityo, ibikoresho bipima bidahinduka bishobora kugabanya umubare w'ibicuruzwa bishobora kugeragezwa.
Ibikoresho bikoresha ibikoresho bishobora guhindurwa bishobora kwerekeza mu byerekezo byinshi, bigatuma gushyiraho ingero byoroha.
Silinda y'umwuka ifite aho inyura hose0–40 mmkandi ishyigikira urwego rune rwo guhindura. Aho gukanda bishobora kandi guhindurwa kugira ngo bihuzwe n'imiterere yihariye nkauburyo bwo gusukura buto zo ku ruhande.
Sisitemu ishobora kandi kwakira valve zo gusukura hamweIbisabwa mu gushyiraho santimetero 2 na santimetero 3.
Isuzuma ry'imikorere yo gufunga nyuma y'ikizamini
Gupima uburambe no gufunga bifitanye isano rya hafi.
Nyuma yo gukora kenshi, ibifunga n'ibice by'imbere bishobora kwangirika bigatuma amazi ava. Kubwibyo, umuvuduko w'imikorere w'ibikoresho ushobora no gukoreshwa mu gusuzuma nyuma yo gukora ikizamini cy'ubuzima.
Ibi bitanga uburyo burambuye bwo gusuzuma niba valve ikomeje kugira imikorere myiza yo gufunga nyuma yo gukoreshwa kenshi.
Igipimo gikurikizwa: GB/T 26730-2011
ItsindaImashini yo gupima ubushobozi bwo gukora ibikoresho byo mu kigega cy'amaziyateguwe hakurikijwe ibisabwa birebaGB/T 26730-2011, Ibikoresho by'Isuku - Ibikoresho byo Gusukura Amazi n'Ibikoresho Bishyigikira Uburemere.
Ubu iri tegeko risanzwe riri ku rutonde rw’amahame ngenderwaho y’igihugu cy’Ubushinwa. Rikubiyemo ibisabwa n’uburyo bwo gupima uburyo bwo kuzuza valve, kuzuza valve, no gukomeza gusohora cap.
Umugereka E w’iri tegeko utanga uburyo bwo gupima uburambe busanzwe, mu gihe Ingingo ya 6.16 ivuga ko uburambe bwa valve yo kuzuza, valve yo gushariza, na tank yo gushariza bugeragezwa hakurikijwe Umugereka E.
Ku bakinnyi b’inganda bireba amasoko mpuzamahanga, ni ingenzi kumenya ko amahame y’i Burayi nkaEN 14055harimo ibisabwa kugira ngo amatangi yo gusohora amazi n'ibiyagize bibe biramba, harimo no gupima ibijyanye n'amavali y'amazi yinjira n'ayo asohoka.
Uburyo nyabwo bwo gupima n'ibipimo ngenderwaho bigomba kwemezwa buri gihe hakurikijwe isoko ryihariye n'ibisabwa mu kwemeza ibicuruzwa.
Ni nde ukeneye ikizamini cyo gupima uburambe bw'imvange y'ubwiherero?
AIgipimo cyo Kurinda Gukomera kwa Valve y'Ubwihereroni ingirakamaro ku bigo na laboratwari bigira uruhare mu iterambere no gukora:
- Valves zo kwinjira mu bwiherero
- Valves zo gukaraba
- Sisitemu zo Gusukura Uburemere
- Amatangi yo gusuka amazi
- Ibikoresho byo mu bwiherero
- Ibikoresho by'isuku
- Ibikoresho byo mu bwiherero
Abakoresha basanzwe barimo:
- Abakora ubwiherero
- Abakora ibikoresho by'isuku
- Abakora Valve zo Gusukura
- Abakora Valve zo Gushyiramo Ingufu
- Abakora ibikoresho by'amazi
- Abakora ibikoresho byo mu bwiherero
- Laboratwari zigenzura ubuziranenge
- Laboratwari z'impamyabumenyi
- Ishami rishinzwe ubushakashatsi n'iterambere
- Kaminuza n'Ibigo by'Ubushakashatsi
Ibyiza byo Gupima Ubudahangarwa Bw’imashini
Ugereranyije n'imikorere isubirwamo n'intoki, ikoreshwa mu buryo bwikoraImashini ipima ubuzima bw'ibikoresho byo mu kigega cy'amaziitanga uburyo bwo gupima buhamye kurushaho.
Ibyiza by'ingenzi birimo:
Gusubiramo:Ibipimo bimwe by'imikorere bishobora gukoreshwa mu gihe cyose cy'ikizamini.
Ingufu:Ibizamini bimara igihe kirekire bishobora gukorwa mu buryo bwikora nta gikorwa gihoraho gikozwe n'intoki.
Gukurikirana amakuru:Imbaraga z'imikorere, umuvuduko w'amazi, n'ingendo z'ibizamini bishobora gukurikiranwa mu gihe cyo gupima.
Umutekano:Amazi adahagije hamwe n'ibindi bibazo bishobora gutera intabaza no kuzimya mu buryo bwikora.
Isuzuma ryihuse:Ibikoresho bishobora guhindurwa n'aho bikanda bituma imiterere itandukanye ya valve igeragezwa.
Isuzuma ryizewe:Gupima mu buryo bwihuse bifasha kugaragaza amakosa ashobora kugaragara mu bizamini by'imikorere by'igihe gito.
Umwanzuro
Kuba ibikoresho byo mu bwiherero bikoresha amazi y'ubwiherero bihamye ntibiterwa gusa n'imikorere yabyo ya mbere, ahubwo biterwa n'ubushobozi bwabyo bwo kwihanganira gukoreshwa kenshi mu gihe cyose bimara.
ItsindaImashini yo gupima ubushobozi bwo gukora ibikoresho byo mu kigega cy'amaziitanga igisubizo gicungwa neza kuriIsuzuma ry'ubuzima bw'ingufu zinjiranaIsuzuma ry'ubuzima bwa valve yo mu maziIkoresheje imbaraga zikoreshwa zishobora guhinduka, umuvuduko w'amazi ugenzurwa, isuzuma ry'ikirere kinini, amazi atembera neza, ibikoresho byoroshye, uburinzi bw'amazi, no kugenzura ikirere mu buryo bwikora, imashini ishobora gushyigikira isuzuma ryuzuye ry'uburambe.
Ku bakora ibikoresho by'isuku n'ubwiherero, harimo ibikoresho byikoraIsuzuma ry'uko ibikoresho byo mu kigega cy'amazi birambamu guteza imbere ibicuruzwa no kugenzura ubuziranenge bishobora gufasha kumenya amakosa y’ingufu z’amashanyarazi hakiri kare, kunoza ubwizigirwa bw’ibicuruzwa, no gutanga ibimenyetso bikomeye by’imikorere y’ibicuruzwa n’ibizamini bishingiye ku bipimo ngenderwaho.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: Nzeri-09-2026
