Kuchokera pa Panel Kufika pa Mtengo Wonenedwa: Mkati mwa 1 m³ Formaldehyde Chamber

Zotsatira za formaldehyde si chizindikiro cha bolodi. Ndi zotsatira za ndondomeko yolamulidwa — chitsanzo, chisindikizo, katundu, mkhalidwe, mpweya wa chitsanzo, kusanthula — ndipo sitepe iliyonse imatha kusuntha nambala yomaliza.

Nkhaniyi ikutsatira gulu limodzi kudzera muChipinda cha nyengo cha 1 m³thamangani, motsatira momwe labotale imachitira izi, ndipo tchulani komwe nthawi zambiri kusweka kwa ndondomekoyi.

Mfundo zofunika kuziganizira

• Chipindacho chimayesa kutulutsa mpweya pansi pa mikhalidwe yodziwika bwino, kenako chimachisintha malinga ndi dera — bolodi silimayesedwa “momwe lilili”.
• Chotsitsa ndi kuchuluka kwa kusinthana kwa mpweya pamodzi zimasankha kuchuluka kwa mpweya; kusintha kulikonse ndipo zotsatira zake sizingafanane.
• Kutseka m'mphepete ndiye gwero lodziwika bwino la zotsatira zochulukira.
• Zotsatira zake zimakhala zomveka pokhapokha ngati zakhazikika, osati poyamba pa nthawi yoti munthu atenge chitsanzo.

Chifukwa chiyaniChipinda cha 1 m³, osati chipinda chenicheni

Chipinda chenicheni sichingabwerezedwenso: kuchuluka kwa zinthu kumasiyana, mpweya wokwanira umasiyana, ndipo palibe zipinda ziwiri zomwe zimakhala ndi mipando yofanana. Chipinda chimasinthanitsa zenizeni ndi ulamuliro, ndipo kutayika kumalipidwa ndi chiŵerengero chodziwika bwino.

Chiŵerengero chimenecho ndi chinthu chokweza — mamita a sikweya a bolodi lowonekera pa kiyubiki mita imodzi ya mpweya wa chipinda. Mu njira ya 1 m³ motsatira GB 18580, nthawi zambiri imakhala 1 m²/m³, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zotsatira za benchi ziwonjezedwe ku chipinda cha kukula kulikonse.

Fizikiki ndi yosavuta kulemba. Pa equilibrium, kuchuluka kwa mpweya kumafanana ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe umachokera m'dera linalake kuchulukitsidwa ndi loading factor ndikugawidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe umachokera. Gawo lililonse mu chipinda chofotokozera lilipo kuti likhale ndi chimodzi mwa mawu amenewo osasintha.

Gawo 1 — Konzani chitsanzocho musanalowe

Mapanelo amalinganizidwa pa kutentha kolamulidwa ndi chinyezi asanayesedwe, kotero chinyezi cha pamwamba chimakhala pamalo odziwika. Bolodi lotengedwa molunjika kuchokera mumndandanda limakhala ndi chinyezi chomwe chimasintha kutulutsa koyambirira.

Pa pansi ndi mapanelo opangidwa mwaluso, gawo ili lokonzekera ndi pomwe chitsanzo chimadulidwa pamalo omwe atchulidwa - ndipo m'mphepete mwa zodulidwa ndiye vuto lomwe sitepe yotsatira ikufunika kuthetsa.

Gawo 2 - Tsekani m'mbali

Kutseka m'mphepete kumaletsa kutulutsa kwa zinthu ku nkhope yokongoletsera, kotero zotsatira zake zimafotokoza kuti chinthucho chayikidwa m'malo mwa chinthucho ngati chodulidwa. Tepi ya aluminiyamu ndiyo njira yachizolowezi, ndipo iyenera kukhala yonse.

Mphepete yosatsekedwa kapena yotsekedwa pang'ono imawonetsa zinthu zatsopano zamkati, zomwe zimatulutsa zinthu zambiri kuposa pamwamba pa nkhope. Zotsatira zake zimakhala nambala yooneka ngati yolondola yomwe imalephera kuyesedwanso - ndipo nthawi zambiri mayeso obwerezabwereza amaperekedwa ku chipindacho.

Gawo 3 - Tsekani ndi kutseka

Zitsanzo zotsekedwa zimayikidwa pa choyimilira mkati mwa chipindacho, motalikirana kuti mpweya uziyenda pankhope zonse ziwiri. Kulemera kumawerengedwa kuchokera pamalo owonekera, osati kuchokera ku kulemera, ndichifukwa chake makulidwe a pepala salowa mu kuwerengera koma kuchuluka kwa bolodi kumalowa.

Chipindacho chikatsekedwa, chimakhala ndi malo ake okhazikika: kutentha ndi chinyezi pamitengo yotchulidwa mu muyezo, ndi kuchuluka kwa kusinthana kwa mpweya komwe kumasungidwa ndi mpweya woyendetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi utsi.

Gawo 4 — Tsimikizirani kuti chipinda chili choyera

Musanayambe kuyeza, kufufuza kopanda kanthu kumatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zili kumbuyo. Zipinda zimayamwa kenako n’kutulutsa formaldehyde; chipinda chooneka bwino chomwe chinagwiritsidwa ntchito komaliza poyesa kutulutsa mpweya wambiri chingathe kubweretsa kuipitsidwa mu zotsatira zake.

Apa ndi pomwe kuchira kumatsimikiziridwa — kuthekera kwa gulu la zitsanzo zoyesera kutenga ndikuwerengera kuchuluka kodziwika. Popanda izi, kuwerenga kochepa kungatanthauze bolodi lotulutsa mpweya wochepa kapena mzere wotulutsa zitsanzo wotuluka, ndipo ziwirizi sizingasiyanitsidwe.

Gawo 5 — Chitsanzo mpaka chikhale chokhazikika

Utsi wotuluka umachepa pamene gawo la pamwamba likuchepa, kotero kuchuluka kwake kumakwera, kumafika pachimake kenako kumakhazikika. Kuyesa zitsanzo nthawi zambiri kumayamba pambuyo pa nthawi yoyamba yomwe yafotokozedwa mu njirayo ndipo kumapitirira tsiku lililonse mpaka mkhalidwe wokhazikika utawonetsedwa - mwachizolowezi, zotsatira ziwiri zotsatizana zomwe zimagwirizana mkati mwa malire ang'onoang'ono.

Kuyeza kamodzi koyambirira sikuli zotsatira zake. Ndi mfundo yodziwira komwe kukubwera, ndipo kunena kuti ndi yankho lake ndi chimodzi mwa zolakwika zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri m'makalata a ogulitsa.

Gawo 6 - Kusanthula ndi kuweruza

Zitsanzo za mpweya zimatengedwa kudzera mu scrubber kapena DNPH cartridge ndipo zimayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya acetylacetone kapena HPLC. Zonse ziwiri zimavomerezedwa; zonse zimafunika kulinganizidwa komanso zopanda kanthu nthawi imodzi ndi zitsanzozo.

Mtengo womaliza umayerekezeredwa ndi malire mu muyezo woyenera - pa GB 18580 malire a E1 ndi 0.124 mg/m³ - ndipo lipotilo liyenera kunena zomwe zimakweza katundu, kuchuluka kwa kusinthana kwa mpweya, kutentha, chinyezi, masiku oyesera ndi njira yowunikira pamodzi ndi izi.

Mapointi okhazikika, ndondomeko ya zitsanzo ndi malire amafotokozedwa mu kope lamakono la muyezo uliwonse ndipo amasinthidwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Tsimikizani motsutsana ndi kope lomwe latchulidwa mu fayilo yanu yaukadaulo musanasindikize zomwe mukufuna.

Kumene unyolo nthawi zambiri umasweka

• Kusindikiza m'mphepete kosakwanira— chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha zotsatira chomwe sichingabwerezedwenso.
• Kusinthasintha kwa mpweya woyenda movutikira— fyuluta yomwe imadzaza kwa miyezi ingapo imasuntha chigawocho mwakachetechete, ndipo cholakwikacho chimawoneka ngati kusintha kwa chinthucho.
• Kusakhazikika kwa kutentha— mpweya woipa umadalira kwambiri kutentha, ndipo gawo laling'ono la digiri yomwe imachitika kwa masiku ambiri silili lofunika kuposa ulendo wautali wa kanthawi kochepa.
• Kupereka malipoti popanda zikhalidwe— nambala yopanda chiwongola dzanja, yopanda kusintha kwa mpweya komanso yopanda tsiku loyesa si zotsatira za mayeso.

Zoyenera kunena mu chipinda

Zinthu zinayi zimasiyanitsa chipinda chomwe chingathandize kulengeza kuchokera ku chipinda chomwe chingathe kupanga manambala okha:

• Mapointi okhazikika— kutentha, chinyezi ndi kusinthana kwa mpweya zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi kulembedwa, osati kungowonetsedwa.
• Kuwongolera kusinthana kwa mpweya komwe kungatsatidwe— Muyeso wa kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amatuluka ndi omwe amatuluka, ndi mbiri ya kayendedwe kalikonse.
• Mkati mwake mungayeretsedwe ndipo simumayamwa madzi ambiri— malo osapanga dzimbiri ndi njira yopanda kanthu yolembedwa.
• Madoko oyezera zitsanzo ali pamalo oyenera kuyimira, ndipo njira yoyezera zitsanzo ili m'malo moganizira kuti ndi yotani.

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri