I te whanaketanga tonu o ngā waka hiko hou, kei te piki haere te aro ki ngā pākahiko hiko. Ko te pākahiko, te motuka me te pūnaha whakahaere hiko ngā wāhanga matua e toru o ngā waka hiko hou, ko te pākahiko hiko te wāhanga tino nui, ka taea te kī ko te "ngākau" o ngā waka hiko hou, kātahi ka wehea te pākahiko hiko o ngā waka hiko hou ki ngā wāhanga aha?
1, pākahiko waikawa-mata
Ko te pākahiko waikawa-mata (VRLA) he pākahiko ko ōna irahiko he mea hanga ki te mata me ōna waikura, ā, ko tōna irahiko he otinga waikawa whanariki. Ko te wāhanga matua o te irahiko pai ko te hauhā mata, ā, ko te wāhanga matua o te irahiko kino ko te mata. I te āhua tukunga, ko te wāhanga matua o ngā irahiko pai me ngā irahiko kino ko te whanariki mata. Ko te ngaohiko ingoa o te pākahiko waikawa-mata pūtau kotahi ko te 2.0V, ka taea te tuku ki te 1.5V, ka taea te utu ki te 2.4V; I roto i ngā tono, e ono ngā pākahiko waikawa-mata pūtau-kotahi ka honoa raupapa hei hanga i te pākahiko waikawa-mata ingoa o te 12V, me te 24V, 36V, 48V, me ētahi atu.
Ko te pākahiko nikara-karamiuma (e whakarapopototia ana ko NiCd, e whakahuatia ana ko "nye-cad") he momo pākahiko rokiroki rongonui. Ka whakamahia e te pākahiko te nikara hauwai (NiOH) me te konganuku cadmium (Cd) hei matū hei whakaputa hiko. Ahakoa he pai ake te mahi i ngā pākahiko waikawa-mata, kei roto i a rātou ngā konganuku taumaha, ā, ka poke i te taiao i muri i te whakarērea.
Ka taea te whakamahi anō i te pākahiko nikara-kāmium neke atu i te 500 ngā wā o te utu me te tukunga, he ohanga, he pakari hoki. He iti tōna ātete ā-roto, ehara i te mea he iti noa te ātete ā-roto, engari ka taea te utu tere, engari ka taea hoki te whakarato i te iahiko nui mō te kawenga, ā, he iti rawa te huringa ngaohiko i te wā e tukuna ana, he pākahiko tino pai te tuku hiko DC. Ki te whakatauritea ki ētahi atu momo pākahiko, ka taea e ngā pākahiko nikara-kāmium te tu atu ki te utu nui rawa, ki te tukunga nui rawa rānei.
He mea tito ngā pākahiko nikara-whakarewa i ngā katote hauwai me te nikara whakarewa, ko te rahui hiko he 30% te nui ake i ngā pākahiko nikara-karamiuma, he mama ake i ngā pākahiko nikara-karamiuma, he roa ake te ora mahi, ā, kāore he parahanga ki te taiao, engari he nui ake te utu i ngā pākahiko nikara-karamiumauma.
Ko te pākahiko lithium he momo rauemi hiko kino o te konukōre lithium, he konukōre lithium rānei, ā, ko te whakamahi i te wairewa electrolyte kore-wai o te pākahiko. Ka taea te wehewehe whānui i ngā pākahiko lithium ki ngā wāhanga e rua: ngā pākahiko konukōre lithium me ngā pākahiko lithium-ion. Kāore he konukōre lithium i roto i te āhua konukōre, ā, ka taea te whakahou.
Ko ngā pākahiko konukōre lithium he pākahiko e whakamahi ana i te konukōre hauhā hei rauemi hiko pai, te konukōre lithium, te konukōre koranu rānei hei rauemi hiko kino, ā, e whakamahi ana i ngā wairewa hiko kore-wai. Ko te hanganga rauemi o te pākahiko lithium ko: te rauemi hiko pai, te rauemi hiko kino, te diaphragm, te hikohiko.
I roto i ngā rauemi katote, ko ngā rauemi e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko te lithium cobaltate, te lithium manganate, te lithium rino phosphate me ngā rauemi toru (ngā polymer nikara-kobalta-manganese). He nui te ōwehenga o te rauemi irahiko pai (ko te ōwehenga papatipu o ngā rauemi irahiko pai me te kino he 3:1 ~ 4:1), nā te mea ka pā tika te mahi a te rauemi irahiko pai ki te mahi a te pākahiko lithium-ion, ā, ko tōna utu ka whakatau tika i te utu o te pākahiko.
I roto i ngā rauemi hiko kino, ko ngā rauemi hiko kino o nāianei ko te nuinga o te karāpeti taiao me te karāpeti horihori. Ko ngā rauemi anode e tūhuratia ana ko ngā nitrides, PAS, ngā waikura tine-based, ngā koranu tine, ngā rauemi nano-anode, me ētahi atu matū whakarewa. Hei tētahi o ngā wāhanga matua e whā o ngā pākahiko lithium, he mea nui te mahi a ngā rauemi hiko kino ki te whakapai ake i te kaha o te pākahiko me te mahi huringa, ā, kei te pūtake o ngā pito waenga o te umanga pākahiko lithium.
He taputapu hurihanga pūngao hikohiko kore-tahu te Pūtau Wahie. Ka hurihia tonutia te pūngao matū o te hauwai (ētahi atu wahie) me te hāora hei hiko. Ko te kaupapa mahi ko te whakahāngai i te H2 ki te H+ me te e- i raro i te mahi a te whakakorikori anode, ka tae te H+ ki te irahiko pai mā te kiriuhi whakawhiti ira, ka tauhohe ki te O2 hei hanga wai i te katote, ā, ka tae te e- ki te katote mā te ara iahiko o waho, ā, ka puta he iahiko i te tauhohenga tonu. Ahakoa he kupu "pūhiko" te pūtau wahie, ehara i te taputapu rokiroki pūngao i te tikanga tuku iho, engari he taputapu whakaputa hiko, koinei te rerekētanga nui i waenga i ngā pūtau wahie me ngā pākahiko tuku iho.
Rūma whakamātautau ru wera: Ka whakatauira tēnei rūma i ngā huringa pāmahana tere ka pā ki ngā pākahiko i te wā e whakahaerehia ana. Mā te whakaatu i ngā pākahiko ki ngā rerekētanga pāmahana tino nui, pērā i te whakawhiti tere mai i te pāmahana teitei ki te pāmahana iti, ka taea e tātou te aromatawai i tā rātou mahi me te pono i raro i ngā piki me ngā heke o te pāmahana.
Rūma whakamātautau koroheketanga o te rama xenon: Ka tāruatia e tēnei taputapu ngā āhuatanga o te rā mā te whakaatu i ngā pākahiko ki te hihi mārama kaha mai i ngā rama xenon. Ka āwhina tēnei whakatauira ki te aromatawai i te hekenga o te mahi a te pākahiko me te pakari ina roa te wā e pāngia ana e te mārama.
Rūma whakamātautau koroheketanga UV: Ka whaiwhai tēnei rūma i ngā taiao hihi ultraviolet. Mā te tuku i ngā pākahiko ki te hihi UV, ka taea e tātou te whaiwhai i tō rātou mahi me te pakari i raro i ngā āhuatanga hihi UV roa.
Mā te whakamahi i ēnei taputapu whakamātautau ka taea te whakamātautau whānui i te ngenge me te roa o te ora o ngā pākahiko. He mea nui kia mōhio koe i mua i te whakahaere i ēnei whakamātautau, he mea nui kia tutukihia ngā aratohu haumaru e tika ana, me te whai pūmau i ngā tohutohu whakahaere o ngā taputapu whakamātautau kia tika ai, kia haumaru ai hoki ngā tukanga whakamātautau.
Wā tuku: Hepetema-12-2023
