Mefuta ea libeteri tsa likoloi tse ncha tsa motlakase ke efe?

Libetri tsa lead-acid, e le theknoloji e seng e holile haholo, e ntse e le tsona feela libeteri tsa likoloi tsa motlakase tse hlahisoang ka bongata ka lebaka la theko ea tsona e tlase le sekhahla se phahameng sa ho ntša metsi. Leha ho le joalo, matla a itseng, matla a itseng le bongata ba matla a libeteri tsa lead-acid li tlase haholo, 'me koloi ea motlakase e nang le sena e le mohloli oa matla e ke ke ea ba le lebelo le letle le sebaka se loketseng sa ho khanna.

Libetri tse 2, li-betri tsa nickel-cadmium le libeteri tsa hydride tsa nickel-metal

Betri ea nikel-cadmium (eo hangata e khutsufalitsoeng ka NiCd, e bitsoa "nye-cad") ke mofuta o tsebahalang oa betri ea polokelo. Betri e sebelisa nikel hydroxide (NiOH) le cadmium metal (Cd) e le lik'hemik'hale ho hlahisa motlakase. Le hoja ts'ebetso e le betere ho feta libeteri tsa lead-acid, li na le litšepe tse boima 'me li silafatsa tikoloho ka mor'a hore li lahloe.

Betri ea nickel-cadmium e ka phetoa ka makhetlo a fetang 500 ea ho tjhaja le ho ntša metsi, e theko e tlaase ebile e tšoarella. Khanyetso ea eona ea kahare e nyane, eseng feela khanyetso ea kahare e nyane, e ka tjhajwa kapele, empa hape e ka fana ka motlakase o moholo bakeng sa mojaro, 'me phetoho ea motlakase e nyane haholo ha e tjhajwa, ke betri e ntle haholo ea phepelo ea motlakase ea DC. Ha e bapisoa le mefuta e meng ea libeteri, libeteri tsa nickel-cadmium li ka mamella ho tjhaja ho feteletseng kapa ho tjhaja ho feteletseng.

Libetri tsa hydride tsa nickel-metal li entsoe ka li-ion tsa hydrogen le nickel ea tšepe, polokelo ea matla e feta libeteri tsa nickel-cadmium ka 30%, e bobebe ho feta libeteri tsa nickel-cadmium, e phela nako e telele ea ts'ebeletso, 'me ha ho na tšilafalo tikolohong, empa theko e theko e boima haholo ho feta libeteri tsa nickel-cadmium.

3, betri ea lithium

Betri ea Lithium ke sehlopha sa tšepe ea lithium kapa motsoako oa lithium e le thepa ea electrode e mpe, tšebeliso ea tharollo ea electrolyte e seng ea metsi ea betri. Libetri tsa Lithium li ka aroloa ka mekhahlelo e 'meli ka bophara: libetri tsa tšepe ea lithium le libetri tsa ion ea lithium. Libetri tsa Lithium-ion ha li na lithium boemong ba tšepe 'me li ka tjhajwa hape.

Libetri tsa tšepe tsa lithium hangata ke libeteri tse sebelisang manganese dioxide e le thepa ea electrode e ntle, tšepe ea lithium kapa tšepe ea eona e kopantsoeng e le thepa ea electrode e mpe, 'me li sebelisa litharollo tsa electrolyte tse seng metsi. Sebopeho sa thepa ea betri ea lithium haholo-holo ke: thepa ea electrode e ntle, thepa ea electrode e mpe, diaphragm, electrolyte.

Har'a thepa ea cathode, thepa e sebelisoang haholo ke lithium cobalt, lithium manganate, lithium iron phosphate le thepa ea ternary (li-polymer tsa nickel-cobalt-manganese). Thepa ea electrode e ntle e nka karolo e kholo (karolelano ea boima ba thepa ea electrode e ntle le e mpe ke 3:1 ~ 4:1), hobane ts'ebetso ea thepa ea electrode e ntle e ama ka kotloloho ts'ebetso ea betri ea lithium-ion, 'me litšenyehelo tsa eona li khetholla ka kotloloho litšenyehelo tsa betri.

Har'a thepa ea li-electrode tse mpe, thepa ea li-electrode tse mpe tsa hona joale ke boholo ba graphite ea tlhaho le graphite ea maiketsetso. Lisebelisoa tsa anode tse ntseng li hlahlojoa ke nitrides, PAS, li-oxide tse thehiloeng ho tin, li-alloy tsa tin, thepa ea nano-anode, le metsoako e meng ea intermetallic. Jwalo ka e 'ngoe ea likarolo tse 'ne tse kholo tsa libeteri tsa lithium, thepa ea li-electrode tse mpe e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho ntlafatseng bokhoni ba betri le ts'ebetso ea potoloho, 'me ke eona ea mantlha ea libaka tse bohareng tsa indasteri ea libeteri tsa lithium.

4. Lisele tsa mafura

Sele ea Mafura ke sesebelisoa sa phetoho ea matla a electrochemical a sa cheseng. Matla a lik'hemik'hale a haedrojene (mafura a mang) le oksijene a fetoloa motlakase khafetsa. Molao-motheo o sebetsang ke hore H2 e oxidized ho H+ le e- tlas'a ts'ebetso ea catalyst ea anode, H+ e fihla ho electrode e ntle ka lera la phapanyetsano ea proton, e arabela le O2 ho etsa metsi ho cathode, 'me e- e fihla ho cathode ka potoloho ea kantle, 'me karabelo e tsoelang pele e hlahisa motlakase. Le hoja sele ea mafura e na le lentsoe "betri", ha se sesebelisoa sa polokelo ea matla ka kutloisiso ea setso, empa ke sesebelisoa sa tlhahiso ea motlakase, e leng phapang e kholo lipakeng tsa lisele tsa mafura le libeteri tsa setso.

Ho leka mokhathala le nako ea bophelo ba libeteri, k'hamphani ea rona e sebelisa lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tsa liteko tse kang kamore ea teko ea mocheso le mongobo e sa fetoheng, kamore ea teko ea ho tšoha ha mocheso, kamore ea teko ea botsofali ea lebone la xenon, le kamore ea teko ea botsofali ea UV.

Kamore ea teko ea mocheso le mongobo e sa fetoheng: Sesebelisoa sena se fana ka maemo a laoloang a mocheso le mongobo ho etsisa maemo a fapaneng a tikoloho. Ka ho beha libeteri litekong tsa nako e telele tlas'a maemo a fapaneng a mocheso le mongobo, re ka hlahloba botsitso ba tsona le liphetoho tsa ts'ebetso.

Kamore ea teko ea ho tšoha ha mocheso: Kamore ena e etsisa liphetoho tse potlakileng tsa mocheso tseo libeteri li ka li utloang nakong ea ts'ebetso. Ka ho pepesetsa libeteri liphetoho tse feteletseng tsa mocheso, joalo ka ho fetoha kapele ho tloha mochesong o phahameng ho ea ho o tlase, re ka lekola ts'ebetso ea tsona le ts'epo tlas'a liphetoho tsa mocheso.

Kamore ea teko ea botsofali ba mabone a Xenon: Sesebelisoa sena se etsisa maemo a khanya ea letsatsi ka ho pepesetsa libeteri mahlaseling a matla a khanya a tsoang mabone a xenon. Ketsiso ena e thusa ho lekola ho senyeha ha ts'ebetso ea betri le ho tšoarella ha eona ha e pepesetsoa khanya e telele.

Kamore ea teko ea botsofali ba UV: Kamore ena e etsisa tikoloho ea mahlaseli a ultraviolet. Ka ho beha libeteri tlas'a khanya ea UV, re ka etsisa ts'ebetso ea tsona le ho tšoarella ha tsona tlas'a maemo a nako e telele a ho pepesehela UV.
Ho sebelisa motsoako oa lisebelisoa tsena tsa teko ho lumella liteko tse felletseng tsa mokhathala le tsa bophelo ba libeteri. Ho bohlokoa ho hlokomela hore pele ho etsoa liteko tsena, ho bohlokoa ho latela litataiso tse nepahetseng tsa polokeho le ho latela litaelo tsa ts'ebetso ea lisebelisoa tsa teko ka tieo ho netefatsa mekhoa ea liteko e nepahetseng le e sireletsehileng.