Kodi mabatire atsopano amagetsi amapangidwa ndi mitundu iti?

Mabatire a lead-acid, monga ukadaulo wokhwima, akadali mabatire okhawo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa magalimoto amagetsi opangidwa ndi anthu ambiri chifukwa cha mtengo wawo wotsika komanso kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe amatulutsidwa. Komabe, mphamvu yeniyeni, mphamvu yeniyeni ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu kwa mabatire a lead-acid ndizochepa kwambiri, ndipo galimoto yamagetsi yokhala ndi izi ngati gwero lamphamvu singakhale ndi liwiro labwino komanso malo oyendetsera.

Mabatire awiri a nickel-cadmium ndi mabatire a nickel-metal hydride

Batire ya nickel-cadmium (yomwe nthawi zambiri imafupikitsidwa kuti NiCd, yotchulidwa kuti “nye-cad”) ndi mtundu wotchuka wa batire yosungiramo zinthu. Batireyi imagwiritsa ntchito nickel hydroxide (NiOH) ndi cadmium metal (Cd) ngati mankhwala opangira magetsi. Ngakhale kuti magwiridwe antchito ake ndi abwino kuposa mabatire a lead-acid, ali ndi zitsulo zolemera ndipo amadetsa chilengedwe akasiyidwa.

Batire ya nickel-cadmium imatha kubwerezedwa nthawi zoposa 500 ya chaji ndi kutulutsa madzi, yotsika mtengo komanso yolimba. Kukana kwake kwamkati ndi kochepa, sikuti kokha kukana kwamkati ndi kochepa, kumatha kuchajidwa mwachangu, komanso kumatha kupereka mphamvu yayikulu yonyamula katundu, ndipo kusintha kwa magetsi kumakhala kochepa kwambiri potulutsa, ndi batire yabwino kwambiri yamagetsi ya DC. Poyerekeza ndi mabatire ena, mabatire a nickel-cadmium amatha kupirira kudzaza kapena kudzaza madzi mopitirira muyeso.

Mabatire a nickel-metal hydride amapangidwa ndi ma hydrogen ions ndi nickel yachitsulo, mphamvu yosungira ndi 30% kuposa mabatire a nickel-cadmium, opepuka kuposa mabatire a nickel-cadmium, amakhala nthawi yayitali, ndipo alibe kuipitsa chilengedwe, koma mtengo wake ndi wokwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa mabatire a nickel-cadmium.

3, batri ya lithiamu

Batire ya Lithium ndi gulu la zitsulo za lithiamu kapena lithiamu alloy ngati zinthu zopanda mphamvu ya electrode, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi yankho la electrolyte losakhala lamadzi la batire. Mabatire a Lithium akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: mabatire achitsulo a lithiamu ndi mabatire a lithiamu ion. Mabatire a Lithium-ion alibe lithiamu yomwe ili m'gulu la zitsulo ndipo amatha kubwezeretsedwanso.

Mabatire achitsulo a Lithium nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito manganese dioxide ngati chinthu chabwino cha electrode, lithiamu chitsulo kapena chitsulo chake chosakanikirana ngati chinthu choipa cha electrode, ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito mayankho a electrolyte osagwiritsa ntchito madzi. Kapangidwe ka zinthu za batire ya lithiamu makamaka ndi: zinthu zabwino za electrode, zinthu zoyipa za electrode, diaphragm, ndi electrolyte.

Pakati pa zipangizo za cathode, zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi lithiamu cobalt, lithiamu manganate, lithiamu iron phosphate ndi zipangizo za ternary (nickel-cobalt-manganese polymers). Zipangizo za electrode zabwino zimakhala ndi gawo lalikulu (chiŵerengero cha kulemera kwa zipangizo za electrode zabwino ndi zoipa ndi 3:1 ~ 4:1), chifukwa magwiridwe antchito a zipangizo za electrode zabwino zimakhudza mwachindunji magwiridwe antchito a batri ya lithiamu-ion, ndipo mtengo wake umatsimikizira mwachindunji mtengo wa batri.

Pakati pa zinthu za ma electrode oipa, zinthu za ma electrode oipa omwe alipo panopa ndi graphite yachilengedwe ndi graphite yopangidwa. Zinthu za anode zomwe zikufufuzidwa ndi nitrides, PAS, tin-based oxides, tin alloys, nano-anode materials, ndi zinthu zina zapakati pa zitsulo. Monga chimodzi mwa zigawo zinayi zazikulu za mabatire a lithiamu, zinthu za ma electrode oipa zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukweza mphamvu ya batri ndi magwiridwe antchito a cycle, ndipo zili pakati pa makampani apakati a batri a lithiamu.

4. Ma cell amafuta

Selo ya Mafuta ndi chipangizo chosayatsa magetsi chomwe chimasinthira mphamvu zamagetsi. Mphamvu ya mankhwala ya haidrojeni (mafuta ena) ndi mpweya imasinthidwa nthawi zonse kukhala magetsi. Mfundo yogwira ntchito ndi yakuti H2 imasungunuka kukhala H+ ndi e- pansi pa ntchito ya chothandizira cha anode, H+ imafika pa electrode yabwino kudzera mu nembanemba yosinthira ma proton, imachitapo kanthu ndi O2 kuti ipange madzi pa cathode, ndipo e- imafika pa cathode kudzera mu dera lakunja, ndipo kuyankha kosalekeza kumapanga mphamvu. Ngakhale selo yamafuta ili ndi mawu oti "batri", si chipangizo chosungira mphamvu m'lingaliro lachikhalidwe, koma chipangizo chopangira magetsi, chomwe ndi kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa maselo amafuta ndi mabatire achikhalidwe.

Pofuna kuyesa kutopa ndi moyo wa mabatire, kampani yathu imagwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana zoyesera monga chipinda choyesera kutentha ndi chinyezi chokhazikika, chipinda choyesera kutentha, chipinda choyesera kukalamba cha nyali ya xenon, ndi chipinda choyesera kukalamba cha UV.

Chipinda choyesera kutentha ndi chinyezi nthawi zonse: Zipangizozi zimapereka kutentha ndi chinyezi cholamulidwa kuti ziyerekezere zochitika zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe. Mwa kuyika mabatirewo pachiyeso cha nthawi yayitali pansi pa mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana ya kutentha ndi chinyezi, titha kuwona kukhazikika kwawo ndi kusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito.

Chipinda choyesera kutentha: Chipinda ichi chimatsanzira kusintha kwa kutentha mwachangu komwe mabatire angakumane nako akamagwira ntchito. Mwa kuwonetsa mabatire ku kusintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha, monga kusintha mwachangu kuchoka pa kutentha kwakukulu kupita ku kutentha kochepa, titha kuwunika momwe amagwirira ntchito komanso kudalirika kwawo potengera kusinthasintha kwa kutentha.

Chipinda choyesera cha nyali ya Xenon: Chipangizochi chimabwereza momwe kuwala kwa dzuwa kumakhalira poika mabatire ku kuwala kwamphamvu kuchokera ku nyali za xenon. Chitsanzochi chimathandiza kuwunika kuwonongeka kwa magwiridwe antchito a batire komanso kulimba kwake akamayikidwa pa kuwala kwa nthawi yayitali.

Chipinda choyesera ukalamba cha UV: Chipinda ichi chimatsanzira malo okhala ndi kuwala kwa ultraviolet. Mwa kuyika mabatire ku kuwala kwa UV, tikhoza kutsanzira momwe amagwirira ntchito komanso kulimba kwawo pansi pa nthawi yayitali ya kuwala kwa UV.
Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zoyesera izi kumalola kuti mabatire aziyesedwa mokwanira komanso moyo wawo wonse. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti musanayambe kuyesa kumeneku, ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo ofunikira achitetezo ndikutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito zida zoyesera kuti muwonetsetse kuti njira zoyesera zolondola komanso zotetezeka zikugwiritsidwa ntchito.